言語は、人間が用いる意志伝達手段であり、社会集団内で形成習得され、意志を相互に伝達することや、抽象的な思考を可能にし、結果として人間の社会的活動や文化的活動を支えている。
言語一覧
| 言語 | Language Native name | Language name JP | Language family | ISO 639-1 | ISO 639-2/B | ISO 639-2/T | ISO 639-3 | ISO 639-5 | Language Scope | Language Type | native speakers |
number of speakers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | English | 英語 | Indo-European | en | eng | eng | eng | Individual | Living | 379,000,000 | 1,132,000,000 | |
| Mandarin Chinese | cmn | 918,000,000 | 1,116,000,000 | |||||||||
| Hindi | हिन्दी | ヒンディー語 | Indo-European | hi | hin | hin | hin | Individual | Living | 341,000,000 | 615,400,000 | |
| Spanish | español, castellano | スペイン語 | Indo-European | es | spa | spa | spa | Individual | Living | 480,000,000 | 534,300,000 | |
| French | français | フランス語 | Indo-European | fr | fre | fra | fra | Individual | Living | 77,200,000 | 279,800,000 | |
| Arabic | العَرَبِيَّة | アラビア語 | Afro-Asiatic | ar | ara | ara | ara | Macrolanguage | Living | 273,900,000 | ||
| Bengali | বাংলা | ベンガル語 | Indo-European | bn | ben | ben | ben | Individual | Living | 228,000,000 | 265,000,000 | |
| Russian | русский язык | ロシア語 | Indo-European | ru | rus | rus | rus | Individual | Living | 154,000,000 | 258,200,000 | |
| Portuguese | português | ポルトガル語 | Indo-European | pt | por | por | por | Individual | Living | 221,000,000 | 234,100,000 | |
| Indonesian | bahasa Indonesia | インドネシア語 | Austronesian | id | ind | ind | ind | Individual | Living | 43,400,000 | 198,700,000 | |
| Urdu | اُردُو | ウルドゥー語 | Indo-European | ur | urd | urd | urd | Individual | Living | 68,600,000 | 170,200,000 | |
| German | Deutsch | ドイツ語 | Indo-European | de | ger | deu | deu | Individual | Living | 76,100,000 | 132,100,000 | |
| Japanese | 日本語 | 日本語 | Japonic | ja | jpn | jpn | jpn | Individual | Living | 128,000,000 | 128,300,000 | |
| Swahili | Kiswahili | スワヒリ語 | Niger–Congo | sw | swa | swa | swa | Macrolanguage | Living | 98,300,000 | ||
| Marathi | मराठी | マラーティー語 | Indo-European | mr | mar | mar | mar | Individual | Living | 83,100,000 | 95,300,000 | |
| Telugu | తెలుగు | テルグ語 | Dravidian | te | tel | tel | tel | Individual | Living | 82,000,000 | 93,000,000 | |
| Lahnda | بھارت کا | ラフンダー語 | lah | lah | lah | Macrolanguage | Living | 92,700,000 | 92,700,000 | |||
| Wu Chinese | wuu | 81,400,000 | 81,500,000 | |||||||||
| Tamil | தமிழ் | タミル語 | Dravidian | ta | tam | tam | tam | Individual | Living | 75,000,000 | 81,000,000 | |
| Turkish | Türkçe | トルコ語 | Turkic | tr | tur | tur | tur | Individual | Living | 79,400,000 | 79,700,000 | |
| Korean | 한국어 | 朝鮮語 | Koreanic | ko | kor | kor | kor | Individual | Living | 77,300,000 | 77,200,000 | |
| Vietnamese | Tiếng Việt | ベトナム語 | Austroasiatic | vi | vie | vie | vie | Individual | Living | 76,000,000 | 76,900,000 | |
| Yue Chinese | yue | 73,100,000 | 73,500,000 | |||||||||
| Javanese | ꦧꦱꦗꦮ | ジャワ語 | Austronesian | jv | jav | jav | jav | Individual | Living | 68,300,000 | 68,200,000 | |
| Italian | italiano, lingua italiana | イタリア語 | Indo-European | it | ita | ita | ita | Individual | Living | 64,800,000 | 67,800,000 | |
| Egyptian Arabic | arz | 64,600,000 | 64,600,000 | |||||||||
| Hausa | Harshen Hausa, هَرْشَن | ハウサ語 | Afro-Asiatic | ha | hau | hau | hau | Individual | Living | 43,900,000 | 63,400,000 | |
| Thai | ภาษาไทย | タイ語 | Tai–Kadai | th | tha | tha | tha | Individual | Living | 20,700,000 | 60,600,000 | |
| Gujarati | ગુજરાતી | グジャラート語 | Indo-European | gu | guj | guj | guj | Individual | Living | 56,400,000 | 60,500,000 | |
| Kannada | ಕನ್ನಡ | カンナダ語 | Dravidian | kn | kan | kan | kan | Individual | Living | 43,600,000 | 56,400,000 | |
| Persian | فارسی | ペルシア語 | Indo-European | fa | per | fas | fas | Macrolanguage | Living | 52,700,000 | ||
| Bhojpuri | भोजपुरी | ボージュプリー語 | bho | bho | bho | Individual | Living | 52,200,000 | 52,400,000 | |||
| Filipino | Wikang Filipino | フィリピン語 | fil | fil | fil | Individual | Living | 45,000,000 | ||||
| Viemo | vig | |||||||||||
| Gavião Do Jiparaná | gvo | |||||||||||
| South African Sign Language | sfs | |||||||||||
| Chimila | cbg | |||||||||||
| Ndemli | nml | |||||||||||
| Amele | aey | |||||||||||
| Kpatili | kym | |||||||||||
| Wares | wai | |||||||||||
| Huichol | hch | |||||||||||
| Sivandi | siy | |||||||||||
| Ci Gbe | cib | |||||||||||
| Pochuri Naga | npo | |||||||||||
| Ake | aik | |||||||||||
| Central Bontok | lbk | |||||||||||
| Southern Toussian | wib | |||||||||||
| Southern Hindko | hnd | |||||||||||
| Simbali | smg | |||||||||||
| Changthang | cna | |||||||||||
| Nottoway | ntw | |||||||||||
| Ambo | amb | |||||||||||
| Laghu | lgb | |||||||||||
| Lumba-Yakkha | luu | |||||||||||
| Wanggamala | wnm | |||||||||||
| Halkomelem | hur | |||||||||||
| Selepet | spl | |||||||||||
| Iyojwa'ja Chorote | crt | |||||||||||
| Nyaneka | nyk | |||||||||||
| Atorada | aox | |||||||||||
| Päri | lkr | |||||||||||
| Memoni | mby | |||||||||||
| Bungu | wun | |||||||||||
| Ihievbe | ihi | |||||||||||
| Susuami | ssu | |||||||||||
| Kabwa | cwa | |||||||||||
| Okpe (Southwestern Edo) | oke | |||||||||||
| Ipulo | ass | |||||||||||
| Saluan | loe | |||||||||||
| Miriwoong | mep | |||||||||||
| Classical Tibetan | xct | |||||||||||
| Irula | iru | |||||||||||
| Saweru | swr | |||||||||||
| Dagik | dec | |||||||||||
| Opata | opt | |||||||||||
| Awa (Papua New Guinea) | awb | |||||||||||
| Besisi | mhe | |||||||||||
| Kabatei | xkp | |||||||||||
| Yaur | jau | |||||||||||
| Tamki | tax | |||||||||||
| Dixon Reef | dix | |||||||||||
| Panamint | par | |||||||||||
| Vengo | bav | |||||||||||
| Mahican | mjy | |||||||||||
| Kinyarwanda | ルワンダ語 | Niger–Congo | rw | kin | kin | kin | Individual | Living | 12,100,000 | |||
| O'chi'chi' | xoc | |||||||||||
| Jimi (Nigeria) | jmi | |||||||||||
| Teme | tdo | |||||||||||
| Dong | doh | |||||||||||
| Eastern Penan | pez | |||||||||||
| Budukh | bdk | |||||||||||
| Musak | mmq | |||||||||||
| Makhuwa-Saka | xsq | |||||||||||
| Kamayurá | kay | |||||||||||
| Thachanadan | thn | |||||||||||
| Dusun Malang | duq | |||||||||||
| Paku | pku | |||||||||||
| Haryanvi | bgc | |||||||||||
| Matís | mpq |